Panama

1 article
Panama’s monetary system combines Panamanian balboa (PAB) coins with United States dollar (USD) banknotes at one-to-one value. Panamanian authorities issue the coins, while United States institutions supply the circulating paper currency; Panama does not operate a conventional central bank or issue balboa banknotes. The entry defines this dual arrangement at country level and remains separate from the individual balboa and United States dollar currency tags.